Effects of kelp Ecklonia maxima inclusion in formulated feed on the growth,feed utilisation and gut microbiota of South African abalone Haliotis midae     

A Nel  BI Pletschke  CLW Jones  J Kemp  G Robinson  PJ Britz 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(2):183-192

The effect of kelp Ecklonia maxima inclusion in formulated feeds on abalone growth and gut bacterial communities has not been previously investigated in South Africa. An eight-month on-farm growth trial was conducted with sub-adult Haliotis midae (～43 mm shell length) fed graded levels of kelp in formulated feeds. Kelp inclusion (0.44–3.54% of pellet dry mass) promoted faster growth (65.7–74.5% total mass gain), with better feed and protein conversions (apparent feed conversion ratio [FCR] 1.4–1.8, apparent protein efficiency ratio [PER] 2.3–2.7), as compared with the non-supplemented feed (52.3% total mass gain, FCR 2.1, PER 1.9; p < 0.001). Abalone-gut bacterial DNA was sequenced using 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and the sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at a 97% similarity level. A supplementary 16S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis was employed. The dominant OTUs differed in terms of their relative abundances, with an autochthonous Mycoplasma strain being significantly more abundant (p = 0.03) in the gut of abalone fed a kelp-supplemented feed. The DGGE band patterns displayed higher within-group variability for abalone fed the control diet, suggesting that dietary kelp inclusion promotes gut-bacteria homeostasis. This may contribute to better feed utilisation and growth in abalone fed kelp-supplemented feeds.  相似文献   

Application of Endophytic Bacteria to Reduce Persistent Organic Pollutants Contamination in Plants          下载免费PDF全文

Xuezhu Zhu  Xue Ni  Juan Liu  Yanzheng Gao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(3):306-310

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Gas/Substrate Fluxes and Microbial Community in Phenol Biodegradation Using an O2‐Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor          下载免费PDF全文

Özge Hanay  Ergin Taşkan  Burçin Yıldız  Halil Hasar  Eoin Casey 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(1):36-42

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Cometabolic Degradation Kinetics of Trichloroethylene Based on Toluene Enhancement by Encapsulated Burkholderia cepacia G4          下载免费PDF全文

Shanawar Hamid  Muhammad T. Amin  Abdulrahman A. Alazba  Umair Manzoor  Muhammad N. Amin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(11):1642-1649

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Variation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Rainwater Harvesting Systems: Effects of Seasons,Catchments and Storage Conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Mohsin Nawaz  Muhammad Tahir Amin  Mooyoung Han  Abdulrahman Ali Alazba  Umair Manzoor  Muhammad Nasir Amin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(7):893-900

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祁连山疏勒河上游芨芨草根际可培养细菌群落特征研究     

杨秀丽  张宝贵  张威  刘光琇  陈拓  薛林贵 《冰川冻土》2014,36(1):222-229

以疏勒河上游不同海拔芨芨草根际土壤样品为研究对象,研究了不同海拔土样中细菌分布特征及其影响因素. 结果表明：研究区域芨芨草根际土壤可培养细菌种群密度变化范围为1.7×10⁷~10.8×10⁷ CFU·g^-1,平均值为6.4×10⁷ CFU·g^-1,随海拔的升高呈先下降后上升的趋势;可培养细菌数量与土壤全氮、脲酶、蔗糖酶含量呈极显著正相关关系,与有机碳、磷酸酶含量呈显著正相关关系;同时,pH值也是影响细菌数量与多样性的一个重要因素. 通过16S rDNA基因测序及构建系统发育树,研究区域可培养细菌归类为15个属,其中芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属为优势菌属.  相似文献   

祁连山不同海拔氮磷循环细菌数量变化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

台喜生  杨秀丽  刘光琇  薛林贵  张勇  陈拓  张威  伍修锟  毛文梁 《冰川冻土》2014,36(1):214-221

祁连山植被的水源涵养作用对于维持黑河的流量至关重要,地下微生物参与生态系统的物质和能量循环,维持了地上植被的稳定,因而具有重要的生态作用. 研究分析了祁连山冰沟流域不同海拔梯度上硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、固氮细菌、解磷细菌和植酸矿化细菌的数量随土壤深度的变化规律. 结果表明：随土壤深度的增加,氮磷循环细菌的数量下降;随海拔升高,硝化细菌相对减少,而反硝化细菌和固氮细菌呈增多的趋势. 典范对应分析（CCA）显示,硝化细菌的数量变化主要受地下生物量和土壤pH值的影响,而反硝化细菌、固氮细菌、解磷细菌和植酸矿化细菌主要受植被盖度、地上生物量和土壤含水量的影响. 聚类分析表明,低海拔（E1-2 905 m和E2-3 128 m）浅层土壤（0~40 cm）聚类,而其深层土壤（60 cm）与高海拔（E3-4 130 m）土壤聚类,说明高海拔处土壤发育与低海拔处深层土壤的早期发育相类似. 研究表明,高山地区氮磷循环细菌数量的变化受到海拔主导下植被和土壤理化因子的共同作用.  相似文献   

3种典型荒漠灌木内生固氮菌及固氮酶基因nifH多样性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐正金  罗明  王卫霞  王纯利 《中国沙漠》2014,34(2):472-480

具有特殊生境的内生固氮菌,对改善植物营养、增强植物抗逆性及群落稳定性具有重要作用,是一类潜力巨大、尚待开发的微生物资源。以新疆3种典型荒漠灌木多枝柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）、黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum）、盐穗木（Halostachys caspica）为材料,从根和枝条组织中分离筛选获得137个内生固氮菌菌株,采用16S rDNA PCR-RFLP、16S rDNA序列测定、BOXAIR-PCR指纹图谱、nifH PCR-RFLP等方法分析其遗传多样性及系统发育关系。结果表明：分离菌株经16SrDNA PCR-RFLP酶切图谱聚类划分为9个遗传类型。序列测定和系统发育分析显示,代表菌株分属于拉恩氏菌属（Rahnella）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、泛菌属（Pantoea）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、寡养单胞菌属（Stenotrophomonas）和申氏杆菌属（Shinella）,其中Rahnella为优势种群。一个测定菌株的16SrDNA序列同源性低于97%,提示可能为一个潜在的新种。BOXAIR-PCR分析优势种群的基因组结构特征,获得12种指纹图谱类型,显示出该种群具有丰富的基因组多样性。nifH PCR-RFLP分析分离内生固氮菌菌株固氮酶基因nifH的分子多态性,将其划分为3种基因型,体现了nifH具有高度保守性,同时在不同固氮微生物种群和菌株间也存在一定的多样性。研究结果丰富了固氮微生物物种资源库和基因库,对于内生固氮菌资源的保护和利用奠定了科学基础。  相似文献   

催化电解杀菌与次氯酸钠杀菌的对比     

华萍  傅绍斌  刘泽强  周成刚  吴金平 《地质科技情报》2005,24(4):91-93

油田回注水催化电解杀菌与次氯酸钠杀菌在杀菌机理、效果及应用成本3方面的对比结果表明,催化电解产生有效氯是主要的杀菌机理.催化电解产生的有效氯质量浓度与电解时间呈线性关系,杀菌率随着有效氯质量浓度的增大而增大.定量杀菌的对比结果表明,油田回注水催化电解杀菌比次氯酸钠杀菌效果好,且不须投加任何药剂,只消耗电能,运行成本低.  相似文献   

Microfossils from the Arymas and Debengda formations, the Riphean of the Olenek Uplift: Age and presumable nature     

A. M. Stanevich  E. N. Maksimova  T. A. Kornilova  D. P. Gladkochub  A. M. Mazukabzov  T. V. Donskaya 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(1):20-35

Studied assemblages of diverse organic-walled microfossils separated from the Arymas and Debengda formations of the Olenek Uplift include several paleobiological groups of microorganisms. Sufficiently large morphotypes of the first group are identified with remains of cyanobacteria. Morphotypes of variable spiral structure, which dwelt in association or in symbiosis with cyanobionts, are attributed to the same bacterial community. The other group includes a series of different acritarch genera whose characters suggest their affinity with green algae of the order Desmidiales. It is very likely that this group coexisted on siliciclastic shoals with large ancestral forms of the present-day brown algae. Several microfossil taxa have been known before from the Neoproterozoic deposits only. With due regard for the relatively gradual accumulation of sedimentary succession lacking large hiatuses and for the regular series of K-Ar dates characterizing three Riphean formations of the Olenek Uplift, it is possible to suggest that there was the Arymas-Debengda-Khaipakh cycle of long-lasted, almost uninterrupted sedimentation within the time span of 1250–900 Ma. It is also admissible that age ranges of some Late Precambrian microfossils are much larger than their distribution intervals postulated formerly.  相似文献